英语翻译In theory,a large amount of energy can be extracted from the reversible mixing of a dilute stream with the ammonia–carbon-dioxide solution .Using low-grade heat at 50 °C,the thermal energy needed to separate the diluted ammonia–carbo

英语翻译In theory,a large amount of energy can be extracted from the reversible mixing of a dilute stream with the ammonia–carbon-dioxide solution .Using low-grade heat at 50 °C,the thermal energy needed to separate the diluted ammonia–carbo
英语翻译
In theory,a large amount of energy can be extracted from the reversible mixing of a dilute stream with the ammonia–carbon-dioxide solution .Using low-grade heat at 50 °C,the thermal energy needed to separate the diluted ammonia–carbon-dioxide solution into water (low-concentration stream),and ammonia and carbon dioxide (that reform the high-concentration stream) is 358 MJ m-3 for a 1 M solution and 593 MJ m-3(165 kWh m-3) for a 2 M solution.Highly soluble inorganic salts,such as sodium chloride,can also be used in closed-loop heat engines with separation processes that use low-grade heat.For example,membrane distillation uses a vapour pressure gradient created by the temperature difference across the membrane to transport water vapour through microporous hydrophobic membranes.Thermal-energy requirements or membrane distillation can range from 40 kWh m-3 to 650 kWh m-3,depending on membrane properties,system design,heat source and operating temperature.To successfully implement closed-loop systems that use synthetic solutions,several challenges need to be addressed.The main challenge for PRO is the development of membranes with sufficient mechanical strength to withstand the high hydraulic pressures that occur with very high salt concentrations.For membrane distillation to be viable in these systems,efficient and low-cost membranes need to be developed.

英语翻译In theory,a large amount of energy can be extracted from the reversible mixing of a dilute stream with the ammonia–carbon-dioxide solution .Using low-grade heat at 50 °C,the thermal energy needed to separate the diluted ammonia–carbo
在理论上,大量的能量可以从一种稀氨水–二氧化碳可逆混合提取液流.在50°C利用低品位热能,热能需要单独的稀氨–二氧化碳溶液注入水（低浓度流）,和氨和二氧化碳（改革高浓度流）是358 MJ M-3为1 M溶液和593 MJ M-3（165千瓦时米-3）为2米解决方案.高度可溶性无机盐,如氯化钠,也可以用于分离过程,利用低品位热能的闭环热发动机.例如,膜蒸馏用蒸汽压力梯度穿过膜的温度差产生通过微孔疏水膜的水汽输送.热能的需要或膜蒸馏的范围可以从40千瓦到650千瓦时·m-3,根据膜的性能,系统设计,热源和工作温度.成功实施闭环系统使用合成的解决方案,需要解决的几个问题.亲的主要挑战是具有足够的机械强度,能够承受高水压,发生在非常高的盐的浓度的膜的发展.膜蒸馏在这些系统中是可行的,有效的和低成本的膜需要开发.