求关于华盛顿总统 英语短文请大家帮忙找几段关于华盛顿总统的英语短文

求关于华盛顿总统 英语短文请大家帮忙找几段关于华盛顿总统的英语短文
求关于华盛顿总统 英语短文
请大家帮忙找几段关于华盛顿总统的英语短文

求关于华盛顿总统 英语短文请大家帮忙找几段关于华盛顿总统的英语短文
George Washington (February 22,1732–December 14,1799) led America's Continental Army to victory over Britain in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783),and was the first President of the United States,from 1789 to 1797.Because of his central role in the founding of the United States,Washington is often called the "Father of his Country".His devotion to republicanism and civic virtue made him an exemplary figure among early American politicians.
In his youth,Washington worked as a surveyor of rural lands and acquired what would become invaluable knowledge of the terrain around his native Virginia.Washington gained command experience during the French and Indian War (1754–1763).Due to this experience,his military bearing,his enormous charisma,and his political base in Virginia,the Second Continental Congress chose him as commander-in-chief of the American forces.He scored a victory by forcing the British out of Boston in 1776,but later that year was badly defeated and nearly captured as he lost New York City.By crossing the Delaware and defeating enemy units in New Jersey in the dead of winter he revived the Patriot cause.As a result of his strategic oversight,Revolutionary forces captured the two main British combat armies,first at Saratoga in 1777 and then at Yorktown in 1781.He handled relations with the states and their militias,worked with Congress to supply and recruit the Continental army,dealt with disputing generals and colonels,and came to personally represent the military prowess of the new nation.Negotiating with Congress,the states,and French allies,he held together a fragile army and a fragile nation.
He retired to his plantation on Mount Vernon,an exemplar of the republican ideal of citizen leadership rejecting any sort of strong-man rule.Alarmed at the weaknesses of the new nation,he presided over the Constitutional Convention that drafted the stronger United States Constitution in 1787.
In 1789,Washington became United States President and created a system of cabinet government that marked a sharp departure from parliament.He established many of the customs and usages of the new government,all of whose leaders he selected.He sought to create a great nation capable of surviving in a world torn by war between Britain and France.He supported Alexander Hamilton's plans to build a strong central government through funding of all the state and national debts,an effective tax system,and creation of a national bank.When rebels in Pennsylvania defied Federal authority,he rode at the head of the army to quiet the Whiskey rebellion.He avoided war and started a decade of peace with Britain with the Jay Treaty in 1795 and used his popularity to get it ratified over intense opposition from the Jeffersonians.Although he never officially joined the Federalist Party,he supported its programs and was their hero.He set the norm that no president should serve more than two terms,retiring to his Virginia plantation in 1797.His Farewell address was a primer regarding republican virtue and a warning against involvement in European wars.
As the symbol of republicanism,he embodied American values and across the world was seen as the symbol of the new nation.Scholars rank him among the three greatest presidents