英语翻译The uncertainty in hydrological model covariates,if ignored,introduces sys- tematic bias in the parameters estimated.We introduce here a method to determine the true value of parameters given uncertainty in model inputs.This method,known

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英语翻译The uncertainty in hydrological model covariates,if ignored,introduces sys- tematic bias in the parameters estimated.We introduce here a method to determine the true value of parameters given uncertainty in model inputs.This method,known
英语翻译
The uncertainty in hydrological model covariates,if ignored,introduces sys-
tematic bias in the parameters estimated.We introduce here a method to determine
the true value of parameters given uncertainty in model inputs.This method,known as
simulation extrapolation (SIMEX) operates on the basis of an empirical relationship
between parameters and the level of input noise (or uncertainty).The method starts by
generating a series of alternate model inputs by artiﬁcially adding white noise in increas-
ing multiples of the known error variance.The resulting parameter sets allow us to formu-
late an empirical relationship between their values and the level of noise present.SIMEX is
based on theory that the trend in alternate parameters can be extrapolated back to the
notional error free zone.
We illustrate the strength of SIMEX in improving skills of predictive models that use
uncertain sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) data over the NINO3 region as predic-
tor to the southern oscillation index (SOI),an alternate measure of the strength of the El
Nino southern oscillation.Our hypothesis is that the higher magnitude of noise in the pre
1960 data period introduces bias to model parameters where SSTA is the input variable.
The relatively error invariant southern oscillation index (SOI) is regressed over SSTA and
calibrated using a subset of the series from 1900 to 1960.We validate the resulting models
using the less erroneous 1960–2003 data period.Overall the application of SIMEX is found
to reduce the residual predictive errors during the validation period.
ª 2007 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

英语翻译The uncertainty in hydrological model covariates,if ignored,introduces sys- tematic bias in the parameters estimated.We introduce here a method to determine the true value of parameters given uncertainty in model inputs.This method,known
不确定性,在水文模型变量,如果置之不理,介绍了系统的
tematic偏见,在参数估计.我们在这里介绍一种方法,以确定
真正的价值参数特定的不确定因素,在模型的投入.这种方法,被称为
模拟外推（金）的基础上运行的实证关系
之间的参数和水平的输入噪声（或不确定性） .该方法始于
产生了一系列的候补模型投入人工ﬁ cially加入白噪声情况有所不同
荷兰的倍数已知的误差方差.由此产生的参数集,使我们能够formu -
已故的实证关系,他们的价值观和噪音的水平.新加坡国际金融交易所是
理论的基础上,这一趋势在交替的参数,可以推断回给
名义上的误差区.
说明了我们的实力,在新加坡国际金融交易所改进技能的预测模型,即用
不确定的海水表面温度异常（ SSTA的）数据较nino3地区作为预报-
Tor的向南方涛动指数（ SOI的） ,一名候补衡量实力的El
厄尔尼诺南方涛动.我们的假设是,较高幅度的噪音在预
1960年期间的数据介绍了偏见,以模型参数如海表温度异常是输入变量.
相对误差不变南方涛动指数（ SOI的） ,是倒退超过海表温度异常和
校准用的一个子系列,从1900年至1960年.我们验证了由此产生的模式
用较少的错误数据,1960年至2003年期间.整体应用的是新加坡国际金融交易所发现
,以减少残留的预测误差在验证期.
ª 2007年Elsevier公司乙诉,保留所有权利.

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不确定性，在水文模型变量，如果置之不理，介绍了系统的
tematic偏见，在参数估计。我们在这里介绍一种方法，以确定
真正的价值参数特定的不确定因素，在模型的投入。这种方法，被称为
模拟外推（金）的基础上运行的实证关系
之间的参数和水平的输入噪声（或不确定性）。该方法始于
产生了一系列的候补模型投入人工ﬁ cially加入白噪声情况有所不同
荷兰的倍数已知的误差方差。由此产生的参数集，使我们能够formu -
已故的实证关系，他们的价值观和噪音的水平。新加坡国际金融交易所是
理论的基础上，这一趋势在交替的参数，可以推断回给
名义上的误差区。
说明了我们的实力，在新加坡国际金融交易所改进技能的预测模型，即用
不确定的海水表面温度异常（ SSTA的）数据较nino3地区作为预报-
Tor的向南方涛动指数（ SOI的），一名候补衡量实力的El
厄尔尼诺南方涛动。我们的假设是，较高幅度的噪音在预
1960年期间的数据介绍了偏见，以模型参数如海表温度异常是输入变量。
相对误差不变南方涛动指数（ SOI的），是倒退超过海表温度异常和
校准用的一个子系列，从1900年至1960年。我们验证了由此产生的模式
用较少的错误数据， 1960年至2003年期间。整体应用的是新加坡国际金融交易所发现
，以减少残留的预测误差在验证期。
ª 2007年Elsevier公司乙诉，保留所有权利。
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THE AGE OF UNCERTAINTY怎么样英语翻译There are much uncertainty in the process of image segmentation,The paper firstly researched the sources of uncertainty of image segmentation; and then analyzed the method of image segmentation based on K means cluster,and the method base 测不准原理 THE UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE怎么样 A violation of the uncertainty principle. 英语翻译Decision makers facing uncertainty about future prospects necessarily act on subjective beliefs about the likelihood of possible outcomes. 英语翻译还有 the only thing that makes life possible is permanent,intolerable uncertainty--not knowing what comes next. 英语翻译The uncertainty in hydrological model covariates,if ignored,introduces sys- tematic bias in the parameters estimated.We introduce here a method to determine the true value of parameters given uncertainty in model inputs.This method,known 英语翻译The uncertainty had the effect of magnifying fear,and the party used fear to discourage people from concerning themselves with politics or public affairs. 英语翻译Because of the uncertainty with regard to the exact location of an electron in an atom,at any particular time.在这里regard to 和理解.翻译! 英语翻译The search for hope in the dark .We insist on strict adherence to a Happy simple uncertainty .Sad moderate length.要自己翻译的，英语翻译My worry was the level of uncertainty about whether bin Laden was even in the compound.怎么正确的翻译? 英语翻译stresses the efficient use of capital resourcesnot specific to time frame for profits to be measuredgoals are not precise,allow for misinterpretationignores uncertainty and timing 英语翻译When a set of results has a range that is greater than the random uncertainty in the readings,then the error can be estimated to be ± half the spread of the averaged values.This value will take the place of the random uncertainty of the 英语翻译The uncertainty of the total measurements will be calculated by considering the uncertainties of the individualmeasurements.It is taken as “the square root of the sum of the squares of the separate measurementuncertainties each multipli 英语翻译1.The concept of RiskRisk exists when there is uncertainty about the future.An insurance risk means uncertainty about a financial loss.A hazard is a condition that may create or increase the chance of loss arising from a given peril.A per 英语翻译Lack of experience with the firm may,therefore,lead prospects to be especially focused on a firm’sshipping policies since the majority of the uncertainty associated with a purchase is related to the service provided by the retailer rath 英语翻译It has also made problems half way around the world everyone’s problem-the tenacity of the SARS virus and the public health and economic uncertainty it brings underscores this too well-known. 英语翻译Real Estate Investments under U1U;ertaintyof certainty,the objective of real estate investment portfolio managers must be to maximize the portfolio's net present value.The introduction of uncertainty into the analysis will serve to impose